From Buddhism and black magic
Folktales and literature are a form of news and stories that ancient people used to convey various styles of life in society in that era. In some cases, it is seen that there is a record of the existence of foreigners of many nationalities. This is a record of the events in which foreigners of various ethnicities came to make contact in the era when folk tales and literature were composed to insert the atmosphere of the era into the content to make the stories look together. more contemporary era
Because the basic form of folktales-literature was developed from various teachings in Buddhism, including Jatakas, Suttas, Commentary, etc. Therefore, if you really want to understand the nature of literature thoroughly, you must study Buddhism as well. The fact that most people do not read and translate literature in poetry is difficult because they do not know the various reasons in folktales.
Literature has explanations hidden in the categories of Jatakas and Suttas, commentary, etc.
And on the other hand, we can also see perspectives on various doctrines in Buddhism that are explained and expanded through various folktales and literature.
According to the perspective of people these days, monks should not be involved with The knowledge of all subjects which has superstition, for example, which seems to contradict and contradict the information recorded in many folktales and literature, because according to many folktales and literature There are references to monks who are experts in various black magic, such as the story of Khun Khang Khun Phaen. and the story of Krai Thong (Wat Koh version), etc. Therefore, I would like to bring some information from the Sutta to analyze, compare, explain and expand.
Compilation of information from Mahasila 2. Samanyaphala Sutta regarding King Ajātasatthu.
[114] 1. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" by "tiracchana-vicaya" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means, with the tiratchanavijā, this is how it is seen: guessing organs, guessing visions, predicting uppatas, interpreting dreams, interpreting characteristics, predicting rats biting cloth, performing fire worship ceremonies, raising glasses, moving around candles, doing rice husk beating rituals, fire worshiping, beating fire worshiping rituals, beating rice worshiping ceremonies. Fire, make a ceremony to add butter, make a fire offering, make a ceremony to add oil, make a fire offering, make a consecration, blow, make a fire offering, make a blood sacrifice, be a fortune teller, look at the appearance of the house, look at the appearance of the fields, be a doctor, consecrate a spell, be a shaman, be a magician, write amulets, protect the house, be a snake charmer, be a doctor. Poison is a scorpion doctor. He is a doctor who treats rat bites. He is a doctor who predicts the sounds of birds. He is a doctor who predicts the sounds of crows. He is a doctor who predicts age. He is a doctor who conjures arrows. He is a doctor who predicts animal sounds.
Even this is one of your precepts. [115] 2. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" by "tiracchana-vicaya" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through the wrong means, with tiratchanaviya, see like this: guessing the characteristics of a gemstone, guessing the appearance of a guessing cloth, guessing a staff, guessing a sword, guessing a sword, guessing an arrow, guessing a bow, guessing a weapon, guessing a woman's characteristic, guessing a man's characteristic, guessing a child's characteristic. Characteristics of Kumari, Characteristics of Slave, Characteristics of Painted Characteristics, Characteristics of An Elephant, Characteristics of a Horse Guess the characteristics of the person
Even this is one of her precepts.
[116] 3. Monks abstain from “making a living by wrong means” by “tiracchana-vicaya” such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means, with tiratchanavicha, seeing like this is looking at auspicious time, saying, The king will take it out. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The king will not remove it.
For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The king within will march in close. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The outside king will retreat. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The king outside will come closer. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The inner king will retreat. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The king within will triumph.
For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The outside king will be defeated. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The outside king will be victorious. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The king within will be defeated. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: This king will be victorious. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: This king will be defeated. For this reason
Even this is one of her precepts.
[117] 4. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" through "tiracchana-vijja" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means, with tiratchanavicha, seeing like this is prophesying that There will be a lunar eclipse. There will be a solar eclipse.
There will be an eclipse zodiac prophesying that The moon and sun will walk in the right direction. The moon and sun will move in the wrong direction. The zodiac stars will walk in the right direction. The zodiac star will walk in the wrong direction. There will be a meteorite prophesied that There will be a comet prophesying that There will be an earthquake predicted.
There will be thunder that prophesies that The moon, sun and stars will rise and predict that The moon, sun and zodiac stars will set. moon sun and the zodiac stars will be tarnished, prophesying that moon sun and the zodiac stars will clearly predict that The lunar eclipse will have results like this.
The solar eclipse will have this effect. It is predicted that The zodiac eclipse will have results like this. It is predicted that If the moon and sun move in the right direction, this will be the result. It is predicted that The moon and sun moving in the wrong direction will have this result. It is predicted that If the zodiac stars move in the right direction, there will be results like this. It is predicted that If the zodiac stars move in the wrong direction, this will be the result. It is predicted that
If there is a meteorite, it will have an effect like this. It is predicted that If there is a comet, it will have an effect like this. The earthquake will have this effect, it is predicted. The thunder will have this effect, prophesied that The moon, sun, and rising stars will have this effect. It is predicted that The moon, sun, and setting stars will have this effect. It is predicted that
The moon, sun, and zodiac stars are tarnished. This will be the result. It is predicted that The moon, sun, and bright stars will have this effect.
Even this is one of her precepts.
[118] 5. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" by "tiracchana-vicaya" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means, with tiratchanavicha, seeing like this is prophesying that There will be good rain, the forecast said. There will be rain and drought.
There will be food available easily. It is predicted that There will be a rare blessing. It is predicted that There will be a prophecy that There will be a prophecy that There will be a disease predicted. There will be joy in finding disease without counting scores, calculating, or composing epics and physical sciences.
Even this is one of her precepts.
[119] 6. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" by "tiratchana-vijaya" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means with Tiratchanwicha, seeing it like this, giving an auspicious time for an auspicious wedding (Ava auspicious - a wedding where once the man is married, the man will go to the woman's house), giving an auspicious time for an auspicious wedding (an auspicious wedding -
A wedding that when the woman is married will go to the man's house) Look at the auspicious time for arranging pillows, look at the auspicious time for divorce, look at the auspicious time to collect wealth, look at the time to spend money, look at good luck, look at misfortune, let the midwife conjure a spell to make the tongue rough, and cast a spell on the chin. He conjured a spell to make the hands tremble, cast a spell to prevent the ears from hearing sound, became a mirror doctor (the fortune teller looked at the crystal ball, looked at the mirror [
Like the queen in Snow White]?) is a female doctor, a female doctor, a royal doctor, worships the sun, worships the Brahma, casts spells, breathes fire, performs a ceremony to invite spirits.
Even this is one of her precepts.
[120] 7. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" through "tiracchana-vijja" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means, with Tiratchanwicha, I see it like this: making vows, making vows, casting spells to drive out ghosts, teaching mantras to protect houses, turning transvestites back into men, turning men into transvestites, making ceremonies for building houses, performing ceremonies for worshiping areas, spraying holy water and pouring holy water on them. Perform fire worship ceremonies, prepare regurgitation medicine, prepare catharsis medicine, prepare medicine for the upper body, prepare medicine for lower punishments, prepare headache medicine, cook oil, ear drops, make eye medicine, prepare snuff, prepare bite medicine, prepare astringent medicine, apply eye medicine, perform surgery on children. Put medicine on the wound
Even this is one of her precepts.
Incidentally, from the total number of "Tiratchan Wicha" mentioned above. It makes you know that There are many different subjects from ancient times, showing the diversity of people who have become ordained in Buddhism very well. It also shows that people who have been ordained in Buddhism since ancient times are people with knowledge from various fields of work and caste. From merchants, animal trainers, fortune tellers, medicine men, pagans, warriors, royalty, etc.
(all of these subjects can be organized into categories But I have to put it aside for now because it will take a lot of time to sort it out as well.)
But it is strange that Even the subjects of knowledge that can be used to help people, such as the subjects of curing diseases and relieving various illnesses, are also enshrined in this Maha Precept. If this is the case It will be taken to mean that It certainly is not for monks to help people. Because pleasing animals is the duty of religious heirs.
If you observe, you will find that these 7 great precepts all begin with the same sentence, emphasizing it over and over again: Monks abstain from “making a living through wrong means” by “Tiraccana Wittaya” which, if analyzed from the opening sentence of this Maha precept, it will mean that all monks are prohibited from making a living through wrong means.
Like all beasts by using knowledge, or that is, monks are prohibited from using knowledge that they have for their own benefit in the same way that animals use to make a living, that is, using knowledge to hinder the public by using it for their own benefit. And from the beginning of the sentence This is it. That makes many folk-literary stories lead to the issue of
Monks can use black magic because they do not use it for a living, such as
In the story of Krai Thong, Wat Ko edition Phrakhru Chanchaisri taught various black magic subjects to Krai Thong and two other sons of Krai Thong. He also used black magic to bring Krai Thong up from Suwan Khuha and make holy water to cleanse Krai Thong of all demons from Suwan Khuha. Including the use of a large piece of wood engraved into a movie crocodile and given to Kraithong's two sons to use as well. The use of the subject here is not the use of the subject in the hope of bringing benefits to oneself in any way.
As for the study of Khun Chang Khun Phaen, the section on Plai Kaew ordination of a novice monk It is recorded that All of Phlai Kaew's teachers were monks with many years of experience, such as Mr. Somphan Bun of Wat Som Yai. Mr. Somparami Wat Pa Lelai In addition to being well versed in magic and spells, he is also an expert in astrology. But the two provosts in this story did not use their knowledge to earn a living either.
And in this Khun Chang Khun Phaen There are also examples of monks who use their knowledge as “Tiratchana Wittaya”, for example, Thera Khawat Phrakru Chiang Mai. which uses black magic and martial arts to benefit only its followers and followers, and that benefit comes from destroying the great interests of others
From causing other people's families to break up, it has spread to the larger society, resulting in superstitious battles, wars, competing for the country on a large scale, causing suffering and damage to countless societies. Including a small novice monk who later tried to take revenge on the Sangha for killing his teacher, causing another large black magic war to follow.
But in the end, the endings of the two were no different. When knowledge is used in the wrong way, taking advantage of society, cutting off the great benefits of society for oneself and one's friends until the end, death like a conqueror will come. No matter how strong the magic skills are Because the power of magic is not something that can save everyone's life.
There are 3 things that the power of magic spells cannot cure, according to information from anyone who has knowledge of magical spells, be careful!
Important information in the Tripitaka, Volume 3, Vinaya Pitaka, Volume 3, Bhikkhuni Vibhaṅga Sikkhādavibhaṅga Specify the characteristics of Tiratchanwicha as follows:
The name Tiratchanwicha refers to any kind of non-religious arts and sciences. which is not endowed with benefits
Considering this sentence, it will mean that any liberal arts outside of religion are useful. It is not considered to be Tiratchanwicha.
Moreover, the creation of magical amulets It appears that it has been around for a long time. Even in Buddhism it is mentioned. which additional information is available in Patterns of development of martial arts amulets (war magic) from Buddhism to Siam
From Buddhism and black magic
Folktales and literature are a form of news and stories that ancient people used to convey various styles of life in society in that era. In some cases, it is seen that there is a record of the existence of foreigners of many nationalities. This is a record of the events in which foreigners of various ethnicities came to make contact in the era when folk tales and literature were composed to insert the atmosphere of the era into the content to make the stories look together. more contemporary era
Because the basic form of folktales-literature was developed from various teachings in Buddhism, including Jatakas, Suttas, Commentary, etc. Therefore, if you really want to understand the nature of literature thoroughly, you must study Buddhism as well. The fact that most people rarely read and translate poetry in poetry is because they do not know the various reasons in folktales.
Literature has explanations hidden in the categories of Jatakas and Suttas, commentary, etc.
And on the other hand, we can also see perspectives on various doctrines in Buddhism that are explained and expanded through various folktales and literature.
According to the perspective of people these days, monks should not be involved with The knowledge of all subjects which has superstition, for example, which seems to contradict and contradict the information recorded in many folktales and literature, because according to many folktales and literature There are references to monks who are experts in various black magic, such as the story of Khun Khang Khun Phaen. and the story of Krai Thong (Wat Koh version), etc. Therefore, I would like to bring some information from the Sutta to analyze, compare, explain and expand.
Compilation of information from Mahasila 2. Samanyaphala Sutta regarding King Ajātasatthu.
[114] 1. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" by "tiracchana-vicaya" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means, with the tiratchanavijā, this is how it is seen: guessing organs, guessing visions, predicting uppatas, interpreting dreams, interpreting characteristics, predicting rats biting cloth, performing fire worship ceremonies, raising glasses, moving around candles, doing rice husk beating rituals, fire worshiping, beating fire worshiping rituals, beating rice worshiping ceremonies. Fire, make a ceremony to add butter, make a fire offering, make a ceremony to add oil, make a fire offering, make a consecration, blow, make a fire offering, make a sacrifice with blood, be a fortune teller, look at the appearance of the house, look at the appearance of the field, be a doctor, consecrate a spell, be a shaman, be a magician, write amulets, protect the house, be a snake charmer, be a doctor. Poison is a scorpion doctor. He is a doctor who treats rat bites. He is a doctor who guesses the sounds of birds. He is a doctor who guesses the sounds of crows. He is a doctor who guesses age. He is a doctor who conjures arrows. He is a doctor who guesses the sounds of animals.
Even this is one of your precepts. [115] 2. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" by "tiracchana-vicaya" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through the wrong means, with tiratchanaviya, see like this: guessing the characteristics of a gemstone, guessing the appearance of a guessing cloth, guessing a staff, guessing a sword, guessing a sword, guessing an arrow, guessing a bow, guessing a weapon, guessing a woman's characteristic, guessing a man's characteristic, guessing a child's characteristic. Characteristics of Kumari, Characteristics of a Slave, Characteristics of Painted Characteristics, Characteristics of an Elephant, Characteristics of a Horse Guess the characteristics of the person
Even this is one of her precepts.
[116] 3. Monks abstain from “making a living by wrong means” by “tiracchana-vicaya” such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means, with tiratchanavicha, seeing like this is looking at auspicious time, saying, The king will take it out. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The king will not remove it.
For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The king within will march in close. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The outside king will retreat. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The king outside will come closer. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The inner king will retreat. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The king within will triumph.
For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The outside king will be defeated. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The outside king will be victorious. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: The king within will be defeated. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: This king will be victorious. For this reason, look at the auspicious time: This king will be defeated. For this reason
Even this is one of her precepts.
[117] 4. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" by "tiracchana-vicaya" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means, with tiratchanavicha, seeing like this is prophesying that There will be a lunar eclipse. There will be a solar eclipse.
There will be an eclipse zodiac prophesying that The moon and sun will walk in the right direction. The moon and sun will move in the wrong direction. The zodiac stars will walk in the right direction. The zodiac star will walk in the wrong direction. There will be a meteorite prophesied that There will be a comet prophesying that There will be an earthquake predicted.
There will be thunder prophesying that The moon, sun and stars will rise and predict that The moon, sun and zodiac stars will set. moon sun and the zodiac stars will be tarnished, prophesying that moon sun and the zodiac stars will clearly predict that The lunar eclipse will have results like this.
The solar eclipse will have this effect. It is predicted that The zodiac eclipse will have results like this. It is predicted that If the moon and sun move in the right direction, this will be the result. It is predicted that The moon and sun moving in the wrong direction will have this result. It is predicted that If the zodiac stars move in the right direction, there will be results like this. It is predicted that If the zodiac stars move in the wrong direction, this will be the result. It is predicted that
If there is a meteorite, it will have an effect like this. It is predicted that If there is a comet, it will have an effect like this. The earthquake will have this effect, it is predicted. The thunder will have this effect, prophesied that The moon, sun, and rising stars will have this effect. It is predicted that The moon, sun, and setting stars will have this effect. It is predicted that
The moon, sun, and zodiac stars are tarnished. This will be the result. It is predicted that The moon, sun, and bright stars will have this effect.
Even this is one of her precepts.
[118] 5. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" by "tiracchana-vicaya" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means, with tiratchanavicha, seeing like this is prophesying that There will be good rain, the forecast said. There will be rain and drought.
There will be food available easily. It is predicted that There will be a rare blessing. It is predicted that There will be a prophecy that There will be a prophecy that There will be a disease predicted. There will be joy in finding disease without counting scores, calculating, or composing epics and physical sciences.
Even this is one of her precepts.
[119] 6. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" by "tiratchana-vijaya" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means with Tiratchanwicha, seeing it like this, giving an auspicious time for an auspicious wedding (Ava auspicious - a wedding where once the man is married, the man will go to the woman's house), giving an auspicious time for an auspicious wedding (an auspicious wedding -
A wedding that when the woman is married will go to the man's house) Look at the auspicious time for arranging pillows, look at the auspicious time for divorce, look at the auspicious time to collect wealth, look at the time to spend money, look at good luck, look at misfortune, let the midwife conjure a spell to make the tongue rough, and cast a spell on the chin. He conjured a spell to make the hands tremble, cast a spell to prevent the ears from hearing sound, became a mirror doctor (the fortune teller looked at the crystal ball, looked at the mirror [
Like the queen in Snow White]?) is a female doctor, a female doctor, a royal doctor, worships the sun, worships the Brahma, casts spells, breathes fire, performs a ceremony to invite spirits.
Even this is one of her precepts.
[120] 7. Monks abstain from "making a living by wrong means" through "tiracchana-vijja" such as some advanced ascetics and brahmins. I have received the nutrition that he has given me with faith. Still making a living through wrong means, with Tiratchanwicha, I see it like this: making vows, making vows, casting spells to drive out ghosts, teaching mantras to protect houses, turning transvestites back into men, turning men into transvestites, making ceremonies for building houses, performing ceremonies for worshiping areas, spraying holy water and pouring holy water on them. Perform fire worship ceremonies, prepare regurgitation medicine, prepare catharsis medicine, prepare medicine for the upper body, prepare medicine for lower punishments, prepare headache medicine, cook oil, ear drops, make eye medicine, prepare snuff, prepare bite medicine, prepare astringent medicine, apply eye medicine, perform surgery on children. Put medicine on the wound
Even this is one of her precepts.
Incidentally, from the total number of "Tiratchan Wicha" mentioned above. It makes you know that There are many different subjects from ancient times, showing the diversity of people who have become ordained in Buddhism very well. It also shows that people who have been ordained in Buddhism since ancient times are people with knowledge from various fields of work and caste. From merchants, animal trainers, fortune tellers, medicine men, pagans, warriors, royalty, etc.
(all of these subjects can be organized into categories But I have to put it aside for now because it will take a lot of time to sort it out as well.)
But it is strange that Even the subjects of knowledge that can be used to help people, such as the subjects of curing diseases and relieving various illnesses, are also enshrined in this Maha Precept. If this is the case It will be taken to mean that Monks are definitely prohibited from helping people. Because pleasing animals is the duty of religious heirs.
If you observe, you will find that these 7 great precepts all begin with the same sentence, emphasizing it over and over again: Monks abstain from “making a living through wrong means” by “Tiraccana Wittaya” which, if analyzed from the opening sentence of this Maha precept, it will mean that all monks are prohibited from making a living through wrong means.
Like all beasts by using knowledge, or that is, monks are prohibited from using their knowledge to benefit themselves in the same way that animals use to make a living.
"Derajchan" means horizontal line, "Derajjana" should mean Using knowledge to block Nirvana Interfering with the public interest, doing it for the sake of results, the beast subject should therefore be a characteristic of the behavior in using the subject. Not the name of the course A language that can move would remove the discrepancies. And from this opening sentence that makes folk tales-
Many literary figures have led to the issue of Monks can use black magic because they do not use the subject for a living, such as
In the story of Krai Thong, Wat Ko edition Phrakhru Chanchaisri taught various black magic subjects to Krai Thong and two other sons of Krai Thong. He also used black magic to bring Krai Thong up from Suwan Khuha and make holy water to cleanse Krai Thong of all demons from Suwan Khuha. Including the use of a large piece of wood engraved into a movie crocodile and given to Kraithong's two sons to use as well. The use of subjects here is not the use of subjects with the hope of bringing benefits to oneself in any way.
As for the study of Khun Chang Khun Phaen, the section on Plai Kaew ordination of a novice monk It is recorded that All of Phlai Kaew's teachers were monks with many years of experience, such as Mr. Somphan Bun of Wat Som Yai. Mr. Somparami Wat Pa Lelai In addition to being well versed in magic and spells, he is also an expert in astrology. But the two provosts in this story did not use their knowledge to earn a living either.
And in this Khun Chang Khun Phaen There are also examples of monks who use their knowledge as “Tiratchana Wittaya”, for example, Thera Khawat Phrakru Chiang Mai. which uses black magic and martial arts to benefit only its followers and followers, and that benefit comes from destroying the great interests of others
From causing other people's families to break up, it has spread to the larger society, resulting in superstitious battles, wars, competing for the country on a large scale, causing suffering and damage to countless societies. Including a small novice monk who later tried to take revenge on the Sangha for killing his teacher, causing another large black magic war to follow.
But in the end, the endings of the two were no different. When knowledge is used in the wrong way, taking advantage of society, cutting off the great benefits of society for oneself and one's friends until the end, death like a conqueror will come. No matter how strong the magic skills are Because the power of magic is not something that can save everyone's life.
There are 3 things that the power of magic spells cannot cure, according to information from anyone who has knowledge of magical spells, be careful!
Important information in the Tripitaka, Volume 3, Vinaya Pitaka, Volume 3, Bhikkhuni Vibhaṅga Sikkhādavibhaṅga Specify the characteristics of Tiratchanwicha as follows:
The name Tiratchanwicha refers to any kind of non-religious arts and sciences. which is not endowed with benefits
Considering this sentence, it will mean that any liberal arts outside of religion are useful. It is not considered to be Tiratchanwicha.
Moreover, the creation of magical amulets It appears that it has been around for a long time. Even in Buddhism it is mentioned. which additional information is available in Patterns of development of martial arts amulets (war magic) from Buddhism to Siam